Harry Frankfurt’s “On Bullshit” is a philosophical exploration of the nature and societal impact of “bullshit.” Frankfurt defines bullshit as speech or communication that is indifferent to the truth, distinguishing it from lying. While liars deliberately distort the truth, bullshitters disregard it entirely, focusing instead on personal goals or persuasion without concern for accuracy.

Frankfurt argues that this indifference to truth makes bullshit more dangerous than lies because it undermines the value of truth itself. He attributes the rise of bullshit to societal pressures to express opinions on topics regardless of expertise, often prioritizing appearance over substance. This growing disregard for truth, he warns, poses a significant threat to society’s ability to discern reality.