What surprises me is that these seem to be all on other instances - including a few big ones like just.works - rather than someone spinning up their own instance to create unlimited accounts to downvote/spam/etc.

Yeah, this definitely seems more like script kiddie than adversarial nation-state. We’re not big enough here, yet anyway, that I think we’d be attracting that kind of attention and effort. However, it is a good practice run for identifying this kind of thing.

automated solution

On the other hand, any automated solution will be possible to work around. Such a system would be open source like the rest of Lemmy and you’d know exactly the criteria you need to live up to to avoid getting hit by the filter.

I have a manual process for admitting people, do I need to do anything if I know exactly who is on my instance,

With that in place, I wouldn’t think so. I’m in the same boat with a small instance that has always used applications. The problematic accounts I’ve noticed are all using these random, 8-character names and seem to be setting up shop across open instances w/o applications. So chances are, if you’re manually admitting people, you’d have noticed these already and likely not approved them.

do I need to do anything to protect my instance from other bad acting instances

Unfortunately, defederating only protects your instance’s users from being impacted by the manipulations. Beyond that, it’s less a bad instance rather than them being taken advantage of (kind of like our persistent troll who instance hops every few days).

For now, I’ve just banned the vote manipulation accounts and moved on (this PSA notwithstanding lol) I wouldn’t consider these a “defederation worthy” offense. When I do defed, it’s for bigger reasons or just temporary due to spam (sometimes admins can’t deal with it right away but it’s causing a huge problem now and I need to do something in the short term).

Queries, I do have some, but they’re ugly AF. lol. I should prob look into starting a Matrix room or admin community where we can share and improve each others’ utility scripts.

That may work, or you’d just get a bunch of chargebacks from stolen credit cards lol.

I do like the idea of some kind of verification besides from a questionnaire, but I’m not sure what would ever get traction.

Ethically, I can’t (and won’t). I’m only comfortable and confident enough to share the list of sockpuppet accounts I’ve confirmed and provide the information necessary to detect them. I did list the topics I’m aware of (US news and politics), but I’m only able to see activity based on what my instance knows about. So they may be manipulating other communities, but if my instance doesn’t subscribe to them (or they’re by posters that have been banned), I have no way of seeing it.

That’s actually why I posted this. My visibility is limited, so once I identified the pattern, I’m passing that along to other admins for awareness.

this has already happened multiple times. they get found out fairly quickly and defederated by pretty much everyone.

They usually get found out pretty easily and then defederated by everyone. There’s a service called fediseer which allows instance admins to flag instances as harmful, which other admins can use to determine if they should block an instance.

In order for that to really work they would have to rotate between a lot of domain names either by changing their own instance’s domain or using a proxy. Either way they’d run out of domains rather quickly.

It’s way easier for them to just get accounts on the big servers and hide there as if they were normal lurking users.

Project like https://gui.fediseer.com/

As a regular user, I don’t think there’s much you can do, unfortunately (though thank you for your willingness to help!). Sometimes you can look at a post/comment from Kbin to see the votes, but I think Mbin only shows the upvotes. Most former kbin instances, I believe, switched to mbin when development on kbin stalled.

The solitary downvotes are annoying for sure. “Some people, sigh” is just my response to that. I just ignore those.

Re: Downvote bots. I can’t say they’re necessarily bots, but my instance has scripts that flag accounts that exclusively give out downvotes and then bans them. That’s about the best I can do, at present, to counter those for my users.

Email verification is super easy to get around. It’s practically not a barrier at all.

Try to summarize this as briefly as I can:

I was replying to a comment in a big news community about 5 months ago. It took me probably 2 minutes, at most, to compose my reply. By the time I submitted the comment (which triggered the vote counts to update in the app), the comment I was replying to had received ~17 downvotes. This wasn’t a controversial comment or post, mind you.

17 votes in under 2 minutes on a comment is a bit unusual, so I pulled up the vote viewer to see who all had downvoted it so quickly. Most of them were these random 8 character usernames like are shown in the post.

From there, I went to the DB to look at the timestamps on those votes, and they were all rapid-fire, back to back. (e.g. someone put the comment AP ID into a script and sent their bot swarm after it)

So that’s when I realized something fishy was happening and dug deeper. Looking at what was upvoted from those, however, revealed more than what they were downvoting. Have been keeping an eye out for those type of accounts since. They stopped registering for a while, but then they started coming up again within the last week or two.

I wonder if private voting will make it too difficult to discover

Depends how it’s implemented. If the random usernames that are supplied from the private votes are random for each vote, that would make it nearly impossible to catch (and would also clutter the person table on instances with junk, one-off entries). If the private voting accounts are static and always show up with the same identifier, I don’t think it would make it much more difficult than it is now with these random user accounts being used. The kicker would be that only the private version of the account would be actionable.

The only platform with private voting I know of right now is Piefed, and I’m not sure if the private voting usernames are random each time or static (I think they’re static and just not associated with your main profile). All that said, I’m not super clear on how private voting is implemented.

I strongly advise verifying first, but yes.

I can only verify them based on the posts/comment votes my instance is aware of. That said, I do have sufficient data and enough overlap to establish a connection/pattern.